Obesity Nutrition

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Obesity is a disease related to overweight that can cause serious health problems. Before we go into the topic of nutrition in obesity, it is useful to have an idea of what obesity is.

What is Obesity?

Obesity is the condition of being overweight. A body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more is considered obesity. Body mass index is the criterion used to calculate whether a person's weight is normal for their height. When calculating the body mass index, the person's weight is divided by the square meter of their height. The result should be less than 30 units. Otherwise, there is a risk of obesity.

Obesity can be caused by factors such as genetic predisposition, insufficient physical activity, unbalanced and irregular diet, hormonal disorders or side effects of medications. Obesity can lead to many health problems. These include problems such as heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, respiratory problems, sleep apnea, joint problems, depression, and some types of cancer. Treating obesity may require medication or surgery in some cases, in addition to healthy eating habits and regular exercise.

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10/03/2020

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10/01/2023

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09/01/2023

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16/01/2023

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What are the Treatments for Obesity?

Since obesity is a disease that can be caused by unbalanced diet, lack of exercise, genetic reasons, medications, or hormonal causes, treatment methods usually include lifestyle changes, diet, exercise, medications, and surgical options:

• Lifestyle change: one of the most important factors in treating obesity is lifestyle changes. These changes include eating a healthier diet and being more physically active. These changes are usually effective for mild or moderate obesity.
• Diet: Diet in the treatment of obesity is a program to reduce calorie intake. These programs often include a low-calorie, high-protein diet. Diet programs are usually designed by a dietitian and tailored to individual needs.
• Exercise: Regular physical activity is important for burning calories and losing weight. Exercise programs should be designed with individual needs and physical abilities in mind. An exercise program may include activities such as walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, or aerobics.
• Taking medications: While treating obesity, the doctor may prescribe some medications. Some medications used to treat obesity may curb appetite or reduce the absorption of body fat. However, drug therapy should only be used under a doctor's supervision.
• Surgical applications: Surgical options are also available as a last resort in obesity treatment. Surgical treatments can be performed with procedures such as gastric reduction surgery or gastric bypass. However, surgical procedures are only recommended for extremely obese patients as they can have serious side effects.

Finally, obesity is a disease that can cause serious problems. To determine which method is appropriate to treat obesity, the patient's health condition and degree of obesity should be considered, and the treatment plan should be tailored to the patient's individual needs.

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What Should be the Diet for Obesity?

Obesity is a condition characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in the body. To prevent and treat this condition, it is important to create a healthy diet plan. At this point, it is necessary to respond to the doctor's recommendation. Some dietary practices that should be considered in the diet for obesity are the following:

• One of the most important aspects of nutrition in obesity is a balanced diet. A balanced diet consists of proteins, carbohydrates, healthy fats, vitamins and minerals. All these food groups should be evenly distributed in the diet program for obesity and complement each other.
• It is important to control portions. If you eat little and often, you can control your portions and reduce calorie intake.
• Low-fat foods should be preferred. Prefer foods that are oven roasted rather than those that are fried. Also, when using oil, go for foods with healthy fats like olive oil, sesame oil and avocado oil.
• Processed, refined foods such as sugary drinks, candy, fast food and packaged foods should be avoided. Instead, healthy snacks such as nuts, almonds, walnuts, fruits and vegetables should be consumed.
• Plenty of water should be drunk. Water is one of the most important basic needs of the body, its deficiency can lead to various diseases. In this regard, attention should be paid to a daily water consumption that corresponds to the needs of the body.
• Exercise regularly. In addition to a healthy diet, regular exercise can also help with weight control.

What Should be the Diet for Obesity According to Gender?

The nutritional needs of men and women are different. These differences are based on biological factors such as sex hormones, muscleand bone mass, body composition, and metabolic rate.

Hormone levels are different in men and women. These hormone differences often result in women having less mass and accumulating more body fat. In this case, women may need to eat fewer calories than men. Bone density also differs between men and women. Women have a higher risk of osteoporosis, especially after menopause, so calcium, vitamin D and other mineral intake is more important than for men. Both men and women need food groups such as protein, carbohydrates, healthy fats, vitamins, and minerals, but the amounts consumed may be different for men and women. Consequently, men and women need different amounts of foods, so women and men should apply different programs to combat obesity.

How Should Women Eat in Obesity?

Obesity may require some different applications for women and men. It is important to seek the assistance of a medical specialist in this matter. Obesity is a condition in which the fat tissue in the body increases beyond normal levels. An appropriate diet plan for women to treat obesity may include the following:

• To treat obesity, women may need to restrict their energy intake and follow a lower calorie diet. However, restricting calories too much may be unhealthy, so it is important to consult a nutritionist.
• Women should follow a balanced diet when treating obesity. This includes a balanced consumption of protein, carbohydrates and healthy fats. It is also important to eat foods such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and healthy sources of fat (e.g., olive oil or avocado).
• Portion control is recommended for women concerned with obesity nutrition. Eating slowly, using small plates, and reducing snacks between meals can be helpful.
• Another important aspect of obesity nutrition for women is to avoid sugary or processed foods. Sugary, processed products are among the foods that cause obesity. Instead of such foods, it may be healthier to cook at home and eat fresh foods.
• In addition to diet, regular exercise is also an important factor in the fight against obesity. Regular exercise such as walking, jogging, cycling or swimming can help you lose weight and achieve a healthy body weight.

How Should Men Eat in Obesity?

Obesity is a condition in which body weight is above normal and can cause serious health problems. Obesity in men is often associated with a buildup of fat around the waist, which can increase the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes and other health problems. Therefore, a healthy diet program and regular exercise are important for treating obesity. A healthy diet for men should be designed to be low in calories but still provide adequate nutrient intake. The following recommendations can help in the treatment of obesity:

• Protein provides a feeling of satiety and protects muscle mass. Protein-rich foods such as chicken, fish, turkey, eggs, legumes, and skim milk products are among the products that men should consume as part of their overweight diet.
• Whole grain products can be useful in treating obesity because they are rich in fiber and other nutrients. Whole grain products such as whole wheat bread, brown rice, bulgur and oatmeal should be consumed.
• Fruits and vegetables are low in calories but rich in fiber, vitamins and minerals. For this reason, it is very important for men to consume a lot of fruits and vegetables when it comes to obesity diet.
• Regular exercise combined with a healthy diet can also help control obesity. You can get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week. However, it is a good idea to get support from a professional in this regard.
• Water keeps your body hydrated and reduces the feeling of hunger. Make sure to drink at least 2-3 liters of water per day.

What Should be Considered in the Diet for Obesity According to Age?

The diet plan for obesity is individual; it should be made taking into account factors such as age, sex, height, weight, lifestyle and health status. However, in general, the diet differs according to age.

When treating obesity in children, the diet plan is composed according to the stages of growth and development. The diet plan for children should contain a high amount of fiber, vitamins and minerals. Fast food, sugary and fatty foods should be limited. In addition, care should be taken to ensure that children consume sufficient water.

The diet plan for treating adolescent obesity focuses on supporting weight loss by reducing caloric intake. A healthy diet should include consumption of foods such as fresh vegetables, fruits, whole grains, protein sources (e.g., chicken, fish, beans, chickpeas), milk, and dairy products. Consumption of fast foods, sugary drinks, salty snacks, processed foods, and excessively fatty foods should be limited. In this process, young people fighting obesity should exercise in addition to the proper diet plan.

Adult obesity treatment should focus on supporting weight loss by reducing calorie intake in the diet plan. Consumption of foods such as protein, whole grains, fresh fruits, vegetables, healthy fats and water should be encouraged, while sugary or processed foods should be limited.

When treating obesity in the elderly, the diet plan is designed according to age and health status. The diet includes a balanced diet of food groups such as fresh vegetables, fruits, whole grains, protein sources, milk and dairy products. Consumption of packaged and processed foods should be limited. Older people should also drink enough water and try to exercise regularly. However, since the elderly may have some health problems, such as high blood pressure, heart problems, or digestive problems, the diet plan should be made with these problems in mind.